I have looked upon all that the universe has to hold of horror, and even the skies of spring and the flowers of summer must ever afterward be poison to me.
- H.P. Lovecraft, “The Call of Cthulhu”
Over the past month, I’ve been rediscovering my interest in the works of H.P. Lovecraft (1890-1937). Lovecraft was one of the preeminent influences in the development of the modern horror and science fiction genres, and is cited by folks like Stephen King as the more important horror writer of the twentieth century. Though he was not as prolific as some of his contemporaries, his influence was all but unparalleled. Many people who’ve not read a line of his work are still familiar with his creations, including Cthulhu, Yog-Sothoth, and the Great Old Ones, Arkham, Massachusetts and Miskatonic University, home of one of the three surviving copies of the Necronomicon by Abdul Alhazred, insular, “decadent, smugly-rotting” Innsmouth, and so on. These creations have become part of the lexicon of modern science fiction and horror, and Lovecraft himself has been “adjectivized” such that we routinely see books, television shows, and movies described as “Lovecraftian.”
Beyond my interest in sci-fi/horror, though, Lovecraft appeals to me in certain other respects. First, he was at his most active during the 1920s and 1930s, which is coincidentally the same period I focused on while pursuing my master’s degree in American cultural history. His development of a quasi-mythology of aliens, monsters, and other nasty things appeals to the part of me that majored in religious history as a undergraduate. Arguably most importantly, though, is the fact that Lovecraft is fairly terse. His longest work of fiction, The Case of Charles Dexter Ward, isn’t much more than a novella, and a lot of his material clocks in at only a few pages. Though I’m capable of reading fairly quickly, I frequently have trouble maintaining continuous interest in long-form works. So I find Lovecraft’s “bite-sized” short stories and novellas an ideal length.
With all that said, I’m announcing a first-of-its-kind project for me. I’m going to read, review, and (where appropriate) interpret all of H.P. Lovecraft’s prose works, collaborations, and revisions in chronological order (or, at least, as close to chronological order as I can reconstruct). I’m not the first to do this, and I’m sure I won’t be the most insightful, but I hope my opinions will at least prove interesting. I’m throwing a number of caveats into this, though:
- I’m handling prose fiction only. Lovecraft wrote a huge number of works of verse, correspondence to his friends and fellow authors, and even a handful of nonfiction pieces studying the art and history of “weird fiction.” But I suspect that if I tried to handle these in sequence, they’d bog me down.
- I’m including Lovecraft’s collaborative works (including posthumous collaborations) and ghostwritten pieces. I’ll probably mark these kind of works as distinct from everything else, but it feels wrong to pass over these.
- I’ll be working chronologically from date of composition, not of publication. A fair chunk of material wasn’t published until after Lovecraft’s death, including some of his most significant work (like the aforementioned “Case of Charles Dexter Ward”). I’m relying on various online resources to determine the chronology, including Wikipedia and The H.P. Lovecraft Archive, all of which lean heavily on the work of Lovecraft biographer S.T. Joshi, who appears to be the recognized authority on Lovecraft’s life and work.
- I’m making arbitrary exceptions where I see fit. I said I was only going to tackle prose above, but I plan on at least one exception to that rule: “The Fungi from Yuggoth,” a sonnet-form poem from 1930. In brief, it feels too important to leave out. I also intend on including at least two works not written by Lovecraft in any capacity: specifically, “The Shambler from the Stars” and “The Shadow from the Steeple,” both by Robert Bloch (of Psycho fame). These three stories comprise the first and final parts of a trilogy of which Lovecraft’s own “The Haunter of the Dark” is the middle segment. Since I don’t feel like reading the trilogy out-of-sequence, I’ll be tackling all three stories in order. Finally, when all is said and done, I may go back and look at some of Lovecraft’s poetic, non-fiction, and correspondence work and write up my thoughts as addenda: in particular, I want to have a go at Lovecraft’s nonfictional “Supernatural Horror in Literature,” and Lovecraft biographer S.T. Joshi’s The Ancient Track, a complete collection of all of Lovecraft’s poetry.
I don’t exactly have a set schedule for updates here, but I intend to make at least one update per week, and more wherever possible. As I mentioned before, most of this material is going to be a pretty quick read, and I’m not doing a dedicated scholarly analysis here. I want to approach this material as an average reader, not a literary critic. For the same reason, I won’t be doing much in the way of outside research when writing my reviews. Plenty of other writers, from S.T. Joshi to Robert M. Price to Stephen King, have done that sort of thing, and since I don’t believe for a second that I can hold a candle to their efforts, I’m not going to bother trying. But for anyone interested in a more scholarly approach to Lovecraft, I strongly recommend Joshi’s annotated anthologies and Price’s “Cycle” collections.
For no very good reason, I’ve decided to give the name “Caverns of Dream” to this project. It’s from a quote from “Hypnos,” a 1922 work that isn’t exactly one of Lovecraft’s best-remembered pieces. But I think it’s suitably catchy, and not quite as cliched as going with something like “Strange Aeons.”